hacking dictionary

1# DDoS: DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) is a type of DOS attack where multiple compromised systems, which are often infected with a Trojan, are used to target a single system causing a Denial of Service (DoS) attack.

2# VPS: A virtual private server (VPS) is a virtual machine sold as a service by an Internet hosting service. A VPS runs its own copy of an operating system, and customers have superuser-level access to that operating system instance, so they can install almost any software that runs on that OS.

3# SE: Social engineering is an attack vector that relies heavily on human interaction and often involves tricking people into breaking normal security procedures.

4# HTTP: The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web. Hypertext is structured text that uses logical links (hyperlinks) between nodes containing text.

5# SSH: Secure Shell, or SSH, is a cryptographic (encrypted) network protocol operating at layer 7 of the OSI Model to allow remote login and other network services to operate securely over an unsecured network or in simple words Secure Shell, used to connect with Virtual Private Servers.

6# FTP: The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer computer files between a client and server on a computer network.

7# XSS (CSS): Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer security vulnerability typically found in web applications. XSS enables attackers to inject client-side script into web pages viewed by other users.

8# Script Kiddie: A Script Kiddie or Skiddie (also known as skid and script bunny, the term script kitty is not valid in this context) is an unskilled individual who uses scripts or programs developed by others to attack computer systems and networks and deface websites.

9# VPN: A Virtual Private Network (VPN) extends a private network across a public network, such as the Internet. It enables users to send and receive data across shared or public networks as if their computing devices were directly connected to the private network, and thus benefit from the functionality, security and management policies of the private network.

10# Nix: Nix is a powerful package manager for Linux and other Unix systems that make package management reliable and reproducible. It provides atomic upgrades and rollbacks, side-by-side installation of multiple versions of a package, multi-user package management and easy setup of build environments.

11# SQL: Structured Query Language is a special-purpose programming language designed for managing data held in a relational database management system (RDBMS), or for stream processing in a relational data stream management system (RDSMS).

12# FUD: Fully undetectable (usually shortened as FUD) can stand for data that had been encrypted, making it appear to be random noise. It can also stand for software that cannot be detected by anti-viruses when a scan is performed. The term is used in hacker circles to refer to something that appears to be clean to many anti-viruses, even though it is a hacking tool.

13# LOIC/HOIC: The Low/High Orbit Ion Cannon, often abbreviated to HOIC, is an open source network stress testing and denial-of-service attack application written in BASIC designed to attack as many as 256 URLs at the same time.

14# Trojan: A Trojan horse or Trojan is a type of malware that is often disguised as legitimate software. Trojans can be employed by cyber-thieves and hackers trying to gain access to users’ systems. Users are typically tricked by some form of social engineering into loading and executing Trojans on their systems.

15# Botnet: A botnet (also known as a zombie army) is a number of Internet computers that, although their owners are unaware of it, have been set up to forward transmissions (including spam or viruses) to other computers on the Internet.

16# SQL Injection: SQL injection is a code injection technique, used to attack data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database contents to the attacker).

17# Root: Highest permission level on a computer which allows the user to modify anything on the system without restriction.

18# Warez: Warez is copyrighted works distributed without fees or royalties, and may be traded, in general, violation of copyright law. Warez are generally unauthorized releases by organized groups, as opposed to file sharing between friends or large groups of people with similar interest using a darknet. Warez are not usually commercial software counterfeiting.

19# White Hat Hacker: A white hat hacker is a computer security specialist who breaks into protected systems and networks to test and assess their security. White hat hackers use their skills to improve security by exposing vulnerabilities before malicious hackers (known as black hat hackers) can detect and exploit them.

20# Black Hat Hacker: A black hat hacker is an individual with extensive computer knowledge whose purpose is to breach or bypass internet security. Black hat hackers are also known as crackers or dark-side hackers. The general view is that, while hackers build things, crackers break things.

21# Grey Hat Hacker: The term “Grey Hat” refers to a computer hacker or computer security expert who may sometimes violate laws or typical ethical standards, but does not have the malicious intent typical of a black hat hacker.

22# Rootkit: A rootkit is a clandestine computer program designed to provide continued privileged access to a computer while actively hiding its presence. The term rootkit is a connection of the two words “root” and “kit”. This kind of virus can be easily removed by booting the computer in safe mode.

23# Ring0: Very hard to remove and very rare in the wild, these can require you to format, it’s very hard to remove certain ring0 rootkits without safe mode.

24# IP Grabber: A link that grabs victim’s IP when they visit it.

25# Malware: ‘Malware’ is an umbrella term used to refer to a variety of forms of hostile or intrusive software, including computer viruses, worms, trojan horses, ransomware, spyware, adware, scareware, and other malicious programs. It can take the form of executable code, scripts, active content, and other software.

26# Phreak: Phreak is a slang term coined to describe the activity of a culture of people who study, experiment with, or explore, telecommunication systems, such as equipment and systems connected to public telephone networks. The term phreak is a sensational spelling of the word freak with the ph- from the phone, and may also refer to the use of various audio frequencies to manipulate a phone system. Phreak, phreaker, or phone phreak are names used for and by individuals who participate in phreaking.

27# DOX: Doxing or doxxing, is the Internet-based practice of researching and broadcasting personally identifiable information about an individual. The methods employed to acquire this information include searching publicly available databases and social media websites (like Facebook), hacking, and social engineering. It is closely related to internet vigilantism and hacktivism. Doxing may be carried out for various reasons, including to aid law enforcement, business analysis, extortion, coercion, harassment, online shaming and vigilante justice.

28# Worm: A computer worm is a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers. Often, it uses a computer network to spread itself, relying on security failures on the target computer to access it. Unlike a computer virus, it does not need to attach itself to an existing program.

29# Deface: A website deface is an attack on a site that changes the appearance of the site or a certain web page or technically when a hacker replaces the index file with their own one.

30# Keylogger: Keylogger is a computer program that records every keystroke made by a computer user, especially in order to gain fraudulent access to passwords and other confidential information

31# RAT: A remote administration tool (RAT) is a piece of software that allows a remote “operator” to control a system as if he has physical access to that system. While desktop sharing and remote administration have many legal uses, “RAT” software is usually associated with criminal or malicious activity